GENERAL STUDIES AND REFERENCE

G. Alföldy, The Social History of Rome, 1985. John Boardman, Jasper Griffin, and Oswyn Murray, eds. The Oxford History of the Roman World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 199l Cambridge Ancient History. Vol 7.2 (2nd ed.) Rise of Rome to 220 BC; Vol.8 (2nd ed.), Rome to 133 BC; Vol. 9 (2nd ed.) 146BC-43 BC; Vol. 10 (2nd ed.) 43 BC-AD 69; Vol. 11; Vol. 12 M. Cary and H. H. Scullard. A History of Rome down to the Reign of Constantine. 1975 3d ed. New York St. Martin's, 1976. T.J. Cornell and J. Matthews, Atlas of the Roman World. 1982 E. J. Kenney, ed. Latin Literature. Vol. 2 of The Cambridge History of Classical Literature. W. V. Clausen, Advisory ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982. Molho, A., Raaflaub, K., and Emlen, S., eds., City-States in Classical Antiquity and Medieval Italy. 1991 Hildegard Temporini and Wolfgang Haase, eds. Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt: Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. 37 vols. in 60 parts to date. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1972-. John Wacher, ed. The Roman World. 2 vols. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1987. N.G.L. Hammond and H. H. Scullard, eds. The Oxford Classical dictionary. 2nd ed. Oxford, 1970 Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth, The Oxford Classical Dictionary. 3rd ed. Oxford, 1996 Back to top of page

ROME AND ITALY TO 31 BCE

General

H. H. Scullard, From the Gracchi to Nero: a History of Rome from 133 BC to AD 68. 1982, 5th ed. London: Methuen, 1984 H. H. Scullard, A History of the Roman World, 753-146 BC. 4th ed. London: Methuen, 1980. M. Crawford, The Roman Republic. 2nd ed., 1993. Roman Neighbors in Europe and around the Mediterranean M. Aubet, The Phoenicians and the West. Cambridge, 1996. Francoise Audouze and Olivier Büchsenschütz, Towns, Villages, and Countryside of Celtic Europe: from the beginning of the second millennium to the end of the first century BC. Henry Cleere, trans. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991. John Collis, The European Iron Age. New York: Schocken, 1984. Barry Cunliffe, Iron Age Communities in Britain: an account of England, Scotland, and Wales from the seventh century BC until the Roman conquest. 3d ed. London: Routledge, 1991. Rolf Hachmann, The Germanic Peoples. James Hogarth, trans. London: Barrie & Jenkins 1971. Sabatino Moscati et al., eds., The Celts. New York: Rizzoli, 1991. T.G.E. Powell, The Celts. 1958 ed. New York: Thames & Hudson, 1983. E. A. Thompson, The Early Germans. 1965 ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1968. Malcolm Todd, The Northern Barbarians, 100 BC-AD 300. Rev. ed. New York: Blackwell, 1987. Peter S. Wells, Culture Contact and Culture Change: early Iron Age Central Europe and the Mediterranean World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980. Donald B. Harden, The Phoenicians. 3d rev. ed. New York: Penguin, 1980. Heinz Gunter Horn and Christoph B. Rüger, eds., Die Numider: Reiter und Könige nördlich der Sahara. Cologne and Bonn: Rheinland and Habelt, 1979. Mohamed Gamal el-Din Mokhtar, ed., Ancient Civilizations of Africa. Vol. 2 of General History of Africa. UNESCO Interna-tional Scientific Committee for the Drafting of a General History of Africa. Paris, Berkeley, and Oxford: UNESCO, University of California Press, and Heinemann Publishers, 1981. Sabatino Moscati, ed., The Phoenicians. New York: Abbe-ville, 1988. Gilbert Charles Picard and Colette Picard, Carthage: a sur-vey of Punic history and culture from its birth to the final tragedy. 1964 ed. Dominique Collon, trans. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1987.

Pre-Roman Italy

Graeme Barker, Landscape and Society: prehistoric central Italy. London: Academic Press, 1981. Larissa Bonfante, ed., Etruscan Life and Afterlife: a handbook of Etruscan studies. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1986 Massimo Pallottino, The Etruscans. J. Cremona trans., Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1975 Massimo Pallottino, A History of Earliest Italy. Martin Ryle and Kate Soper, trans. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1991. David Ridgway and Francesca R. Ridgway, eds., Italy before the Romans: the Iron Age, orientalizing, and Etruscan periods. London: Academic Press, 1979 H. H. Scullard. The Etruscan Cities and Rome. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1967

Early Rome to ca 264 BC

Raymond Bloch, The Origins of Rome. New York: Praeger, 1960. J. N. Bremmer and N. M. Horsfall, Roman Myth and Mythography. London: University of London, Institute of Clas-sical Studies, 1987. (Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, Supplements, 52.) Tim Cornell, The Beginnings of Rome. Italy from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (ca. 1000 to 264 BC). London: Routledge, 1995 Jacques Heurgon, The Rise of Rome to 264 B.C. James Wil-lis, trans. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973. R. Ross Holloway, The Archaeology of Early Rome and Latium. London: Routledge, 1994. Richard E. Mitchell, Patricians and Plebeians: the origin of the Roman state. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1990. R.E.A. Palmer, The Archaic Community of the Romans. R. M. Ogilvie, A Commentary on Livy, Books 1-5. Oxford: Clarendon, 1965. Kurt A. Raaflaub, ed., Social Struggles in Archaic Rome: New Perspectives on the Conflict of the Orders. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986. Back to top of page

Roman Conquest of Italy

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A. Alföldi, Early Rome and the Latins. 1965 Emma Dench, From Barbarians to New Men. Greek, Roman, and Modern Perceptions of Peoples from the Central Apennines. Oxford: Clarendon, 1995. M.W. Frederiksen, Campania. 1984. William V. Harris, Rome in Etruria and Umbria. Oxford: Clarendon, 1971. K. Lomas, Rome and the Western Greeks, 350 BC-AD 200; Conquest and Acculturation in Southern Italy. London: Routledge, 1993. T. Potter, Roman Italy. 1987 Edward Togo Salmon, The Making of Roman Italy. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1982. Edward Togo Salmon, Roman Colonization under the Republic. 1969 ed. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1970. Edward Togo Salmon, Samnium and the Samnites. Cam-bridge: Cambridge University Press, 1967. A. N. Sherwin-White, The Roman Citizenship. 1973 2d ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1980. Chester G. Starr, The Beginnings of Imperial Rome. 1980 Arnold J. Toynbee, Hannibal's Legacy: the Hannibalic War's Effect on Roman life. 2 Vols. London: Oxford University Press, 1965.

Politics and Government

E. Badian, "The consuls, 179-49 B.C." Chiron 20 (1990) 371-413. E. Badian, Publicans and Sinners: private enterprise in the service of the Roman Republic. Rev. ed. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell Unive-rsity Press, 1983. E. Badian, "Tiberius Gracchus and the beginning of the roman revolution." Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt, Series 1: Republik, I (1972) 668-731. Mary Beard and Michael H. Crawford, Rome in the late Republic. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1985. T. Robert S. Broughton. The Magistrates of the Roman Republic. 1951-52 ed.; vol. 3, rev. ed. 3 vols. Calico, Calif.: Scholars Press, 1984-86. P. A. Brunt, The Fall of the Roman Republic and Related Essays. Oxford: Clarendon, 1988. P. A. Brunt. "Nobilitas and Novitas." Journal of Roman Studies 72 (1982) P. A. Brunt, Social Conflicts in the Roman Republic. 1971 ed. New York: Norton, 1974. Donald Earl, The Moral and Political Tradition of Rome. Ith-aca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1967. Rachel Feig-Vishnia, State, Society and Popular Leaders in Mid-Republican Rome, 241-167 BC. London: Routledge, 1996 M.I. Finley, Politics in the Ancient World. 1983 Matthias Gelzer, The Roman Nobility. Robin Seager, trans. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1969. Erich S. Gruen, The Last Generation of the Roman Republic. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974. Erich S. Gruen, Roman Politics and the Criminal Courts, 149-78 BC. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968. Keith Hopkins, Death and Renewal. 1983 ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985. Andrew Lintott, Imperium Romanum. Politics and Administration. London: Routledge, 1993. Fergus Millar. "The political character of the Classical Roman Republic, 200--151 BC." Journal of Roman Studies 74 (1984) 1-19. Claude Nicolet, The World of the Citizen in Republican Rome. P. S. Falla, trans. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1980. Nathan S . Rosenstein, Imperatores Victi: military defeat and aristocratic competition in the middle and late Republic. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990. H. H. Scullard, Roman Politics, 220-150 BC. 1973 2nd ed. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1981 Lily Ross Taylor, Party Politics in the Age of Caesar. 1949 ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1971. Lily Ross Taylor, Roman Voting Assemblies: from the Hannibalic War to the dictatorship of Caesar. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1966. Chaim Wirszubski, Libertas as a political idea at Rome during the late Republic and early Principe. 1950 ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968 T.P. Wiseman, New Men in the Roman Senate, 139 BC-AD 14. London: Oxford University Press, 1971

War and Imperialism

E. Badian, Roman Imperialism in the Late Republic. 1968 2d ed. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1971. P.A. Brunt, "Italian Aims at the Time of the Social War," in Fall of the Roman Republic and related essays, pp. 93-143. P.A. Brunt, "Laus imperii," in Roman Imperial Themes, pp. 288-323. Oxford: Clarendon, 1990. Brian Caven, The Punic Wars. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1980. John Rich and Graham Shipley, eds. War and Society in the Roman World. Routledge, 1993 Stephen Dyson, The Creation of the Roman Frontier. 1985 ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987. R.M. Errington, The Dawn of Empire. 1971 William V. Harris, War and Imperialism in Republican Rome, 327-70 BC. 1979 ed., New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. William V. Harris, ed. The Imperialism of Mid-Republican Rome. Rome: American Academy in Rome, 1984. Keith Hopkins, Conquerors and Slaves. 1978 ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981. R. Kallet-Marx, Hegemony to Empire. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995. J. F. Lazenby, Hannibal's War: a Military History of the Second Punic War. Warminster: Aris & Phillips, 1978 John North, "The Development of Roman Imperialism," Journal of Roman Studies 71 (1981) 1-9. J.R. Richardson, Hispaniae: Spain and the Development of Roman Imperialism, 218-82 BC. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. Peter Garnsey and C. R. Whittaker, eds. Imperialism in the Ancient World. 1978

The Army

M.C. Bishop and J.C.N. Coulston, Roman Military Equipment from the Punic Wars to the Fall of Rome. 1993 Emilio Gabba, Republican Rome: the army and the allies. P.J. Cuff, trans. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976. Lawrence Keppie, Colonisation and Veteran Settlement in Italy, 47-14 BC. London: British School at Rome, 1983. Lawrence Keppie, The Making of the Roman Army from Republic to Empire. 1984 R. E. Smith, Service in the post-Marian Roman Army. Man-chester: Manchester University Press, 1958. Back to top of page

External Relations

E. Badian, Foreign Clientelae (264-70 B.C.).. Corr. 1958 ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985. E. Badian, "Notes on Roman policy in Illyria (230-201 BC)." In Studies in Greek and Roman History, pp. 1-33. Oxford: Blackwell, 1964. David C. Braund, Rome and the friendly king: the character of client kingship. New York: St. Martin's, 1984. Arthur M. Eckstein, Senate and General: individual deci-sion-making and Roman foreign relations, 264-194 B.C. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987 David Magie, Roman Rule in Asia Minor: to the end of the third century after Christ. 1950 ed. 2 vols. Salem, Mass.: Ayer, 1975. Elizabeth Rawson, "Caesar's heritage: Hellenistic kings and their Roman equals." In Roman Culture and Society: collected papers, pp. 169-88. Oxford: Clarendon, 1991. A. N. Sherwin-White, Roman Foreign Policy in the East, 168 B.C.-A.D. 1. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1984. Richard D. Sullivan, Near Eastern Royalty and Rome, 100-30 BC. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990. Erich S. Gruen, The Hellenistic World and the Coming of Rome. 2 vols. 1984

Biography

A. E. Astin, Cato the Censor. Oxford: Clarendon, 1978. A. E. Astin, Scipio Aemilianus. Oxford: Clarendon, 1967. D. R. Shackleton Bailey, Cicero. New York: Scnbner's,1972. T. F. Carney, A Biography of C. Marius. 2d ed. Chicago: Argonaut, 1970. M. L. Clarke, The Noblest Roman: Marcus Brutus and his reputation. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1981 Matthias Gelzer, Caesar: politician and statesman. Peter Needham, trans. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968. P.A.L. Greenhigh, Pompey. 2 vols. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1981-82. David Stockton, The Gracchi. Oxford: Clarendon, 1979 John Whitehorne, Cleopatras. Routledge, 1994 Allen M. Ward, Marcus Crassus and the late Roman Republic. Columbia University of Missouri Press, 1977. Erich S. Gruen, "M. Licinius Crassus: a review article." American Journal of Ancient History 2.2 (1977) 117-28. Eleanor Goltz Huzar, Mark Antony: a biography. 1978 ed. London: Croom Helm, 1986 Arthur Keaveney, Sulla: the last Republican. London: Croom Helm, 1982 John Leach, Pompey the Great. 1978 ed. London: Croom Helm, 1986 Thomas N. Mitchell, Cicero. 2 vols. New Haven: Yale University Press. 1979-91 Elizabeth Rawson, Cicero: a portrait. 1975 ed. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1983. H. H. Scullard, Scipio Africanus: soldier and politician. Ith-aca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1970. Robin Seager, Pompey: a political biography. Berkeley: University of California Press, l979. David Stockton, Cicero: a political biography. London: Oxford University Press, 1971. Back to top of page

Economy, Demography, and Material Conditions

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P. A. Brunt, Italian Manpower, 225 B.C.-A.D. 14, with a new postscript. 1971 ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1987. Michael H. Crawford, Coinage and Money under the Roman Republic: Italy and the Mediterranean economy. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985. Tenney Frank et al., eds. An Economic Survey of Ancient Rome. I933-40 ed. 6 vols. New York: Octagon Books, 1975. K. W. Hart, Coinage in the Roman Economy, 300 BC to AD 700. Johns Hopkins, 1996. A.J.N. Wilson, Emigration from Italy in the Republican Age of Rome. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1966.

Social Order

Intellectual Life

Keith R. Bradley, Slavery and Rebellion in the Roman World, 140 BC-70 BC. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989. P. A. Brunt, "The equites in the late Republic." In The fall of the Roman Republic and related essays, pp. 144-93. Oxford: Clar-endon, 1988. P. A. Brunt, "The Roman mob." In Studies in Ancient Society. M. I. Finley, ed., pp. 74-102. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1974. A. W. Lintott, Violence in Republican Rome. London: Clar-endon, 1968. W. Nippel, Public Order in Ancient Rome. Cambridge, 1995. Susan Treggiari, Roman Freedmen during the late Republic. Oxford: Clarendon, 1969.   Erich S. Gruen, Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1992. Arnaldo Momigliano, Alien Wisdom: the limits of hellenization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975. Elizabeth Rawson, Intellectual Life in the late Roman Republic. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985. Alan Wardman, Rome's Debt to Greece. London, 1976. T. P. Wiseman, Roman Studies: literary and historical. Liverpool: Cairns, 1987. Back to top of page

EARLY EMPIRE

General

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Albino Garzzeti, From Tiberius to the Antonines: a History of the Roman empire, AD 14-192. 1974 ed. J R. Foster, trans.- London: Methuen, 1976. Fergus Millar et al. The Roman Empire and its Neighbours. 2d ed. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1981 Colin M. Wells, The Roman empire. 2nd ed. Harvard University Press, 1994

Augustus

E. Badian, "'Crisis theories' and the beginning of the principate." In Romanitas, Christianitas: Untersuchungen zur Geschichte and Literatur der römischen Kaiserzeit; Johannes Straub zum siebzehnten Geburtstag am 18. Oktober 1982 gewidmet. Gerhard Wirth, ed., pp. 18-41. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1982. Glen W. Bowersock, Augustus and the Greek World. 1965 ed. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1981. Donald Earl, The Age of Augustus. 1968 ed. New York: Exeter, 1980 Fergus Millar and Erich Segal, eds., Caesar Augustus: seven aspects. 1984 ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. Kurt A. Raaflaub and Mark Toher, eds., Between Republic and Empire: interpretations of Augustus and his principate. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990. David Shotter, Augustus Caesar. Routledge, 1992. Ronald Syme, The Roman Revolution. 1939 ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987. Andrew Wallace-Hadrill. "Image and authority in the coinage of Augustus." Journal of Roman Studies 76 (1986) 66-87. Colin M. Wells, The German Policy of Augustus: an examination of the archaeological evidence. Oxford: Clarendon, 1972. Paul Zanker, The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus. Alan Shapiro, trans. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1988.

Politics and Government

P. A. Brunt, Roman Imperial Themes. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. J.A. Crook, Consilium Principis. 1955. D. Braund, The Administration of the Roman Empire. 1988. M. Grant, The Antonines; the Roman Empire in Transition. Routledge, 1997. M. Grant, The Severans; The Changed Roman Empire. Routledge, 1997. M. Hammond, The Antonine Monarchy. 1959 A.H.M. Jones, Studies in Roman Government and Law. 1960. Ramsay MacMullen, Enemies of the Roman Order: treason, unrest and alienation in the empire. 1966 ed. London: Routledge, 1992. Fergus Millar, The Emperor in the Roman World, 31BC-AD 337 2nd ed. London: Duckworth, 1992. Geoffrey Rickman, The Corn Supply of Ancient Rome. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980. D. Potter, Prophets and Emperors. Human and Divine Authority from Augustus to Theodosius. Cambridge, Mass. 1994. A. N. Sherwin-White, The Roman Citizenship. 1973 2d ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1980. E. Mary Smallwood, The Jews under Roman Rule from Pompey to Diocletian: a study in political relations. 1976 ed. Leiden: Brill, 1981. Richard J. A. Talbert, The Senate of Imperial Rome. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984. Kenneth Wellesley, The Long Year, AD 69. 2nd ed. Bristol: Bristol Classical, 1989. Zvi Yavetz, Plebs and Princeps. 1969 ed. New Brunswick, NJ.: Transaction, I988. Back to top of page

The Army and the Frontiers

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John C. Barrett, Andrew P. Fitzpatrick, and Lesley Macinnes, eds., Barbarians and Romans in North-West Europe from the Later Republic to Late Antiquity. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports, 1989. (British Archaeological Reports international series, 471.) Eric Birley, The Roman Army: papers, 1929-1986. Amsterdam: Gieben, 1988. Alan K. Bowman and J. David Thomas, Vindolanda: the Latin Writing Tablets. 1983 ed. Gloucester, Mass.: Sutton, 1984. J. B. Campbell, The Emperor and the Roman Army, 31 BC-AD 235. New York: Oxford University Press, 1984 Roy W. Davies, Service in the Roman Army. David J. Breeze and Valerie A. Maxfield, eds. New York Columbia University Press, 1989. Karen R. Dixon and Pat Southern, The Roman Cavalry: from the first to the third century AD. London: Batsford, 1992. Brian Dobson and David J. Breeze, Roman Officers and Frontiers. Stuttgart: Steiner, 1993. Robert 0. Fink, Roman Military Records on Papyrus. Cleveland: Press of Case Western Reserve University for American Philological Association, 1971. (American Philological Association, Monographs, 26.) Ann Hyland, Equus: the horse in the Roman World. New Haven: Yale University Press,1990. Benjamin Isaac, The Limits of Empire: the Roman army in the East. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992. David L. Kennedy and Derrick Riley, Rome's Desert Frontier from the Air. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1990. Frank A. Lepper and Sheppard S. Frere, eds., Trajan's Column: a new edition of the Cichorius plates. Wolfboro, N.H.: Sutton, 1988. Edward N. Luttwak, The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire: from the first century AD to the third. 1976 ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1977. J. C. Mann, Legionary Recruitment and Veteran Settlement during the Principate. M. M. Roxan, ed. London: University of London, Institute of Archaeology, 1983. (Institute of Archaeology, Occasional publications, 7.) Valerie A. Maxfield et al. "The frontiers." In The Roman World, John Wacher, ed., vol. 1, pp. 139-325. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1987. Valerie A. Maxfield and Michael J. Dobson, eds., Roman Frontier Studies, 1989: proceedings of the twenty-fifth International Congress of Roman Frontier Studies. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 1991. T. B. Mitford, "Cappadocia and Armenia Minor: the historical setting of the limes." Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt, Series 2: Principate 7.2 (1980) 1169-1228 S. Thomas Parker, Romans and Saracens: a History of the Arabian Frontier. Philadelphia: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1986. (American Schools of Oriental Research dissertation series, 6.) H. Russell Robinson, The Armour of Imperial Rome. New York: Scribner's, 1975. D.B. Saddington, The Development of the Roman Auxiliary Forces from Caesar to Vespasian (49 BC-AD 79). Harare: University of Zimbabwe, 1982. G. R. Watson, The Roman Soldier. 1969 ed. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1985. Graham Webster, The Roman Imperial Army of the First and Second centuries AD. 3rd ed. Totowa, NJ.: Barnes & Noble, 1985.

Biography

Anthony A. Barrett, Caligula: the corruption of power. 1989 ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990. Barbara Levick, Claudius. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990. Barbara Levick, Tiberius the politician. 1976 ed. London: Croom Helm, 1986. Anthony R. Birley, Marcus Aurelius: a biography. Rev. ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987. Anthony R. Birley, Septimius Severus: the African emperor. Rev. ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989. Miriam T. Griffin, Nero: the end of a dynasty. 1984 ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1985. Miriam T. Griffin, Seneca: a philosopher in politics. 1976 ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1992. A.H.M. Jones, The Herods of Judaea. 1938 ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1967. Brian W. Jones, The Emperor Domitian. London: Rout-ledge, 1992. Bnan W. Jones. The Emperor Titus. New York: St. Mar-tin's, 1984.

Provinces

The West

Thomas Blagg and Martin Millett, eds., The Early Roman Empire in the West. Oxford: Oxbow, 1990. Leonard A. Curchin, Roman Spain: conquest and assimi-lation. New York: Routledge, 1991. John F. Drinkwater, Roman Gaul: the three provinces, 58 BC- AD 260. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1983. Elizabeth W. B. Fentress, Numidia and the Roman army: social, military, and economic aspects of the frontier zone. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports, I979. (British Archaeological Reports international series, 53.) Sheppard S. Frere, Britannia: a History of Roman Britain. 3d ed. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1987. S. J. Keay, Roman Spain. Berkeley: University of Califor-nia Press, 1988. Anthony King, Roman Gaul and Germany. Berkeley: Uni-versity of California Press, 1990. Martin Millett, The Romanization of Britain: an essay in archaeological interpretation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990. Andreas Mócsy, Pannonia and Upper Moesia: a History of the middle Danube provinces of the Roman empire. Sheppard S. Frere, trans. Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1974. T. W. Potter, Roman Italy. Berkeley: University of Cali-fornia Press, 1987. Susan Raven, Rome in Africa. 3d ed. New York Rout-ledge, 1993. Peter Salway, Roman Britain. 1981 ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989. Edith Mary Wightman, Gallia Belgica. Berkeley: Univer-sity of California Press, 1985. J. J. Wilkes, Dalmatia. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Uni-versity Press, 1969. R.J.A. Wilson, Sicily under the Roman empire: the archaeology of a Roman province, 36 BC - AD 535. Warminster: Aris & Phillips, 1990.

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Greece, Egypt, and the East

S. Alcock, Graecia Capta. The Landscape of Roman Greece. Cambridge, 1993. Gedalia Alon, The Jews in their Land in the Talmudic Age. 1980 ed. Gershon Levi, ed. and trans. Cambridge, Mass.: Har-vard University Press, 1989. Glen W. Bowersock, Roman Arabia. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1983. Alan K. Bowman, Egypt after the Pharaohs, 332 BC-AD 642: from Alexander to the Arab conquest Corr. 1986 ed. Berkeley: University of California, 1989. Glanville Downey, A History of Antioch in Syria: from Seleucus to the Arab conquest. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1961. A.H.M. Jones, The Greek city from Alexander to Justinian. 1940. repr. 1966 Naphtali Lewis, Life in Egypt under Roman Rule. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983. David Magie, Roman Rule in Asia Minor: to the end of the third century after Christ. 1950 ed. 2 vols. Salem, Mass.: Ayer, 1975. Fergus Millar, The Roman Near East, 31 BC-AD 337. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993. Stephen Mitchell, Anatolia: land, men, and gods in Asia Minor. 2 Vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993. E. Schürer, The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ (175 B.C. - A.D.135). Rev. ed. 3 vols. in 4. Geza Ver-mes et al., eds. and Revisions. T. A. Burkill et al., trans. Edin-burgh: Clark, 1973-87. Irfan Shahid, Rome and the Arabs: a prolegomenon to the study of Byzantium and the Arabs. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, Center for Byzantine Studies, 1984.

LATER ROMAN EMPIRE

Politics and Government

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Timothy David Barnes, Constantine and Eusebius. Cam-bridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1981. Timothy David Barnes, The New Empire of Diocletian and Constantine. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1982. Averil Cameron. The Later Roman Empire, AD 284-430. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1993. J.A.S. Evans, The Age of Justinian; the Circumstances of Imperial Power. Routledge, 1996. Arnold H. M. Jones, The Later Roman Empire, 284-602 A.H.M. Jones, John R. Martindale, and John Morris. The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire. Vol. 1: AD 260--395. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971. Ramsay MacMullen, Roman Government's Response to Crisis AD 235-237. New Haven: Yale University Press, I976. John Matthews, Western Aristocracies and Imperial Court, AD 364-425. 1975 ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990. John Michael O'Flynn, Generalissimos of the Western Roman Empire. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1983. D.S. Potter, Prophecy and History in the Crisis of the Roman Empire. 1990

The Army, War, and External Relations

Michael H. Dodgson and Samuel N. C. Lieu, eds., The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (AD 226-363): a Documentary History. London: Routledge,1990. Stephen Johnson, Late Roman Fortifications. Totowa, NJ.; :- Barnes & Noble, 1983. A.D. Lee, Information and Frontiers. Roman Foreign Relations in Late Antiquity. Cambridge, 1993. Ramsay MacMullen, Soldier and Civilian in the Later Roman Empire. 1963 ed. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1967. Irfan Shahid, Byzantium and the Arabs in the fourth century. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1984. E. A. Thompson, Romans and Barbarians: the decline of the western empire. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press,1982. J.H.W.G. Liebeschuetz, Barbarians and Bishops. Walter Goffart, Barbarians and Romans, A.D. 418-584. The Techniques of Accomodation. Princeton, 1980 Peter Heather, Goths and Romans, 332-489. 1991

Provinces and Cities

Roger S. Bagnall, Egypt in Late Antiquity. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993. John F. Drinkwater and Hugh Elton, eds., Fifth-century Gaul: a crisis of identity? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1992. A. S. Esmonde Cleary, The Ending of Roman Britain. 1989 ed. Savage, Md.: Barnes & Noble, 1990. Anthony King and Martin Henig, eds., The Roman West in the third century: contributions from archaeology and History. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports, 1981. (British Archaeological Reports international series, 109.) J.H.W.G. Liebeschuetz, Antioch: city and imperial admin-istration in the later Roman empire. Oxford: Clarendon, 1972. John Rich, The City in Late Antiquity. Routledge, 1997 B. H. Warmington, The North African Provinces from Diocletian to the Vandal Conquest. 1954 ed. Westport, Conn.: Green-wood, 197l. Raymond Van Dam, Leadership and Community in late antique Gaul.

Economy, Trade, and Agriculture

Boudewjin Sirks, Food for Rome: the legal structure of the transportation and processing of supplies for the imperial distributions in Rome and Constantinople. Amsterdam: Gieben, 1991. Courtenay Edward Stevens, "Agriculture and rural life in the later Roman empire." In The Cambridge Economic History of Europe. 2nd ed. M. M. Postan, ed., vol. 1, pp. 92-124. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971. F.W. Walbank, "Trade and industry under the later Roman empire in the West." In The Cambridge Economic History of Europe. 2nd ed. M. M. Postan and Edward Miller, eds., vol. 2, pp. 71-131. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987. Chris Wickham, "Marx, Sherlock Holmes, and late Roman commerce." Journal of Roman Studies 78 (1988) 183-93.

Society

Glen W. Bowersock, Hellenism in Late Antiquity. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press,1990. Peter Brown, The Making of Late Antiquity. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978. Peter Brown, Power and Persuasion in Late Antiquity: towards a Christian empire. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992. Peter Brown, Religion and Society in the Age of Saint Augus-tine. New York: Harper & Row, 1972. Alan Cameron, Claudian: poetry and propaganda at the court of Honorius. Oxford: Clarendon, 1970 Alan Cameron. Circus factions Alan Cameron. Porphyrius the charioteer. Robert A. Kaster, Guardians of Language: the grammarian and society in late antiquity. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988. Sabine G. MacCormack, Art and Ceremony in Late Antiq-uity. 1981 ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990. Anne-Marie Palmer, Prudentius on the Martyrs. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989. Michele Renee Salzman. On Roman Time: the codex-cal-endar of 354 and the rhythms of urban life in late antiquity. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.

Discussions of the "Decline and Fall"

Norman H. Baynes. "The decline of Roman power in western Europe: some modern explanations." Journal of Roman Studies 33 (1943) 29-35. Arthur Ferrill, The Fall of the Roman Empire: the military explanation. 1986 ed. London: Thames & Hudson, 1988. Ramsay MacMullen, Corruption and the Decline of Rome. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988 Jaroslav Pelikan, The Excellent Empire: the fall of Rome and the triumph of the church. 1987 ed. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1990. Frank W. Walbank, The Awful Revolution: the decline of the Roman empire in the West. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1978.

Late Antiquity

S.J.B. Barnish, "Transformation and survival in the west-ern senatorial aristocracy, c. AD 400-700." Papers of the British School at Rome 56 (1988) 120-55. Peter Brown, The World of Late Antiquity, AD 150-750. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1971. Michael McCormick, Eternal Victory: Triumphal Rulership in Late Antiquity, Byzantium, and the Early Medieval West. 1986.

Biography and Hagiography

Polymnia Athanassiadi, Julian: an intellectual biography. 1981 ed. London: Routledge, 1992. Glen W. Bowersock, Julian the Apostate. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978. R. Browning, Justinian and Theodora. 1971 Jay Bregman, Synesius of Cyrene: philosopher-bishop. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982. Kenneth G. Holum, Theodosian Empresses. Ramsay MacMullen, Constantine. 1969 ed. London: Croom Helm, 1987. Stewart Irvin Oost, Galla Placidia Augusta: a biographical essay. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1968. Philip Rousseau, Pachomius: the making of a community in fourth century Egypt. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1985. Stephen Williams, Diocletian and the Roman Recovery. Routledge, 1996. Peter Brown, Augustine of Hippo.

ROMAN SOCIETY UNDER THE REPUBLIC AND EMPIRE

Women and Family

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J.P.V.D. Balsdon, Roman Women: their History and Habits. 1962 ed. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1983. R.A. Baumann, Women and Politics in Ancient Rome. Routledge, 1995. Keith R. Bradley, Discovering the Roman Family. Studies in Roman Social History. New York: Oxford University Press, 199l Edward Champlin, Final Judgments: duty and emotion in Roman wills, 200 BC-AD 250. Berkeley: University of California Press, 199l. Suzanne Dixon, The Roman Family. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1 992. Suzanne Dixon, The Roman Mother. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1988. John K. Evans, War, Women, and Children in Ancient Rome. London: Routledge, 199l. Jane F. Gardner and Thomas Wiedemann, eds., The Roman Household: a sourcebook. London: Routledge, 199l. Judith P. Hallett, Fathers and Daughters in Roman Society: women and the elite family. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984. Richard Hawley and Barbara Levick, eds., Women in Antiquity. New Assessments. Routledge, 1995. Keith Hopkins, "Brother-sister marriage in Roman Egypt." Comparative Studies in Society and History 22 (1980) Natalie Kampen, Image and Status: Roman working women in Ostia . Berlin: Mann, 1981. Beryl Rawson, ed., The Family in Ancient Rome: New Perspectives. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1986. Beryl Rawson, ed. Marriage, Divorce, and Children in Ancient Rome. New York: Oxford University Press, 199l. R.P. Saller, Patriarchy, Property and Death in the Roman Family. Cambridge, 1996. B. Shaw, "The Age of Roman Girls at Marriage," JRS 77 (1987) 36 (with references) Brent D. Shaw, "The family in late antiquity: the expe-rience of Augustine." Past and Present 115 (1987) 3-51. Brent D. Shaw, "Latin funerary epigraphy and family life in the later Roman empire." Histona: Zeitschrift für alte Geschichte 33.4 (1984) 457-97. Susan Treggiari, Roman Marriage: iusti coniuges from the time of Cicero to the time of Ulpian. 1991 ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1993. Thomas Wiedemann, Adults and Children in the Roman Empire. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.

Social Order

L. Adkins, Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. 1994 J.P.V.D. Balsdon, Life and Leisure in Ancient Rome. Rev. ed. London: Bodley Head, 1974. R. Bauman, Crime and Punishment in Ancient Rome. Routledge, 1997. Keith R. Bradley, Slaves and Masters in the Roman empire: a study in social control. 1984 ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987. John H. D'Arms, Commerce and Social Standing in Ancient Rome. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1981. John H. D'Arms, Romans on the Bay of Naples: a social and cultural study of the villas and their owners from 150 BC to AD 400. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1970. Stephen L. Dyson, Community and Society in Roman Italy. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992. M. 1. Finley, ed., Classical Slavery. Totowa, NJ.: Cass, 1987. M. 1. Finley, Ancient Slavery and Modern Ideology. Peter Garnsey, Social Status and Legal Privilege in the Roman Empire. Oxford: Clarendon, 1970. Gustav Hermansen, Ostia: aspects of Roman city -life. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 1982. Sandra R. Joshel, Work, Identity, and Legal Status at Rome: a study of the occupational inscriptions. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992. Ramsay MacMullen, Changes in the Roman Empire: essays in the ordinary. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. Ramsay MacMullen, Roman Social Relations, 50 BC to AD 284. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1974. Russell Meiggs, Roman Ostia . 1973 2nd ed. Oxford: Clar-endon, 1985. Wilfried Nippel, Public Order in Ancient Rome. Cambridge: 1995 Richard P. Saller, Personal Patronage under the Early Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982. A. Scobie, "Slums, sanitation, and mortality in the Roman World." Klio 68.2 (1986) 399-433. A. N. Sherwin-White, Racial Prejudice in Imperial Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970. A. N. Sherwin-White, Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testament. 1963 ed. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1978. Frank M. Snowden, Jr., Before Color Prejudice: the ancient view of blacks. 1983 ed. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 199l. G.E.M. de Ste. Croix. The Class Struggle in the Ancient Greek World from the Archaic Age to the Arab conquests. John E. Stambaugh, The Ancient Roman City. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1988. Lloyd A. Thompson, Romans and Blacks. Norman: Uni-versity of Oklahoma Press, 1989. Paul Veyne, ed., From Pagan Rome to Byzantium. Vol. 1 of A History of Private Life. Philippe Ariès and Georges Duby, eds. Arthur Goldhammer, trans. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap, 1987. Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, "The social structure of the Roman house." Papers of the British School at Rome 56 (1988) 43-97. Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, "Patronage in Roman society: from Republic to empire." In Patronage in Ancient Society 1989 ed. Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, ed., pp. 63-87. London: Routledge, 1990. P.R.C. Weaver, Familia Caesaris: a social study of the emperor's freedmen and slaves. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972. William L. Westermann, The Slave Systems of Greek and Roman Antiquity.

Economy

P. A. Brunt, "Free labour and public works," Journal of Roman Studies 70 (1980) 81-100. Alison Burford, Craftsmen in Greek and Roman society. A. Carandini. "Columella's vineyard and the rationality of the Roman economy." Opus 2.1 (1983) 177-204. John H. D'Arms and E. C. Kopff, eds., The Seaborne Commerce of Ancient Rome: studies in archaeology and history. Rome: American Academy in Rome, 1980. (Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome, 36.) Richard Duncan-Jones, The Economy of the Roman Empire: quantitative studies. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1982. Donald W. Engels, Roman Corinth: an alternative model for the classical city. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, I990. M. 1. Finley, The Ancient Economy. 2nd ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, I985. M. 1. Finley, ed., Studies in Roman Property by the Cambridge University Research Seminar in Ancient History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. Peter Garnsey. Famine and Food Supply in the Graeco--Roman World. Peter Garnsey, Keith Hopkins, and C. R. Whittaker, eds., Trade in the Ancient Economy. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983. Peter Garnsey and Richard P. Saller, The Roman Empire: economy, society, and culture. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987. Peter Garnsey, ed., Non-Slave Labour in the Greco-Roman World Kevin Greene, The Archaeology of the Roman Economy. 1986 ed. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990. K. W. Hart, Coinage in the Roman Economy, 300 BC to AD 700. Johns Hopkins, 1996. Keith Hopkins, "Taxes and trade in the Roman empire (200 BC--AD 400)." Journal of Roman Studies 70 (1980) 101-25. Willem Jongmann, The Economy and Society of Pompeii. 1988 ed. Amsterdam: Gieben, 1991. A. Kirschenbaum, Sons, Slaves, and Freedmen in Roman Commerce. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 1987. D. J. Mattingly, "Oil for export? A comparison of Libyan, Spanish, and Tunisian olive oil production in the Roman empire." Journal of Roman Archaeology 1 (1988) 33-56. Anna Marguerite McCann et al., eds., The Roman Port and Fishery of Cosa: a center of ancient trade. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987. N. Morley, Metropolis and Hinterland. The City of Rome and the Italian Economy. 200 BC-AD 200. Cambridge, 1996. A. J. Parker, Ancient Shipwrecks of the Mediterranean and the Roman Provinces. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports, 1992. (British Archaeological Reports international series, 580.) D.P.S. Peacock and D. F. Williams, Amphorae and the Roman economy: an introductory guide. 1986 ed. London: Longman, 1991. Manfred G. Raschke, "New studies in Roman commerce with the East." Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt, Series 2: Principat, 9.2 (1978) 604-1378. John Rich and Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, eds. City and country in the Ancient World. London: Routledge, 1991. M. Rostovtzeff, The Social and Economic History of the Roman Empire. Corr. 1957 2nd ed. 2 vols. P. M. Fraser, ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1979. Daniel Sperber, Roman Palestine, 200-400: Money and Prices. 2nd ed. Ramat-Gan, Israel: Bar-llan University Press, 1991. Paul Veyne, Bread and Circuses: historical sociology and political pluralism. 1990 ed. Brian Pearce, trans. London: Penguin, 1992. C.R. Whittaker, "The Consumer City Revisited: the Vicus and the City," Journal of Roman Archeology 3 (1990) 110-118

Agriculture

Shimon Applebaum. "Roman Britain." In The Agrarian History of England and Wales. H.P.R. Finberg, ed., vol. 1.2, pp. 3-277. London: Cambridge University Press, 1972. Graeme Barker and John Lloyd, eds., Roman Landscapes: archaeological survey in the Mediterranean region. London: British School at Rome, 1991. (Archaeological monographs of the British School at Rome, 2.) Joan M. Frayn, Sheep-rearing and the Wool Trade in Italy during the Roman Period. Liverpool: Cairns, 1984. (ARCA, Classical and medieval texts, Papers and monographs, 15.) Joan M. Frayn, Subsistence Farming in Roman Italy. Font-well: Centaur, 1979. Peter Garnsey and C. R. Whittaker, eds., Trade and Famine in Classical Antiquity. Cambridge. Cambridge Philological Society, 1983. (Cambridge Philological Society, Supplementary, 8.) Dennis P. Kehoe, The Economics of Agriculture on Roman Imperial Estates in North Africa. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1988. (Hypomnemata, 89.) Dennis P. Kehoe, Management and Investment on Estates in Roman Egypt during the Early Empire. Bonn: Habelt, 1992. Tamara Lewit, Agricultural Production in the Roman Economy, AD 200-400. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports, 1991. (British Archaeological Reports international series, 568.) P. W. de Neeve, Colonus: private farm-tenancy in Roman Italy during the Republic and the early principate. Amsterdam: Gieben, 1984. John Percival, The Roman Villa: an historical introduction. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976. T. W. Potter, The Changing Landscape of South Etruria. New York: St. Martin's, 1979. Dominic Rathbone, Economic Rationalism and Rural Society in Third-Century AD Egypt: the Heronimos archive and the Appianus estate. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 199l. Brent D. Shaw, "Rural markets in North Africa and the political economy of the Roman empire." Antiquités africaines 17 (1981) 37-84. M. S . Spurr, Arable Cultivation in Roman Italy, c. 200 B.C.-- A.D. 100. London: Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies, 1986. (Journal of Roman Studies, Monographs, 3.) Max Weber, The Agrarian Sociology of Ancient Civilizations. 1924 . trans. 1976. K. D. White, "Food requirements and food supplies in Classical times in relation to the diet of the various classes." Progress in food and nutrition science 2.4 (1976) 143-91. K. D. White, Roman Farming. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell Uni-versity Press, 1970. C. R. Whittaker, "Land and labour in North Africa, " Klio 60.2 (1978) 331-62. C. R. Whittaker, ed., Pastoral Economies in Classical Antiq-uity. Cambridge: Cambridge Philological Society, 1988. (Pro-ceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society, Supplementary, 14.)

Intellectual Life

Stanley F. Bonner, Education in Ancient Rome: from the elder Cato to the younger Pliny. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977. Glen W. Bowersock, Greek Sophists in the Roman Empire. Oxford: Clarendon, 1969. P. A. Brunt, "Stoicism and the principate." Papers of the British School at Rome 43 (1975) 7-35. Jasper Griffin, Latin Poets and Roman Life. 1985 ed. Cha-pel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1986. William V. Harris, Ancient Literacy. J. H. Hum-phrey, ed., Literacy in the Roman World. Ann Arbor: Journal of Roman Archaeology, 1991 ( Journal of Roman Archaeology, Supplementary series, 3.) George Kennedy, The Art of Rhetoric in the Roman World, 300 B.C.-A.D. 300. 1973 ed. 3 vols. Princeton: Princeton Univaesity Press, 1982 H.-I. Marrou, A History of Education in Antiquity. J. P. Sullivan, Literature and Politics in the age of Nero. Ith-aca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1985.

LAW IN THE REPUBLIC AND EMPIRE

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Richard A. Baumann, Lawyers in Roman Republican Politics: a study of the Roman jurists in their political setting. 316-82 BC. Munich: Beck, 1983. (Münchner Beiträge zur Papyrusforschung und antiken Rechtsgeschichte, 75.) P. A. Brunt, "Judiciary rights in the Republic." In The fall of the Roman Republic and related essays, pp. I94-239. New York Oxford University Press, 1988. W. W. Buckland, A Text-book of Roman law from Augustus to Justinian. 1963 3d ed. Peter Stein, ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1975. Percy Ellwood Corbett, The Roman Law of Marriage. 1930 ed. Aalen: Scientia, 1979. J. A. Crook, Law and Life of Rome, 90 BC to AD 212. 1967 ed. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1984 Pal Csillag, The Augustan Laws on Family Relations. Jozsef Decsenyi, trans. Imre Gombos, ed. Budapest: Akademiai Kiado, 1976. David Daube, Forms of Roman Legislation. 1956 ed. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1979. David Daube, Roman Law: linguistic, social, and philosophical aspects. Edinburgh and Chicago: Edinburgh University Press and Aldine, 1969. Bruce W. Frier, Landlords and Tenants in Imperial Rome. 1980 ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985. Bruce W. Frier, The Rise of the Roman Jurists: studies in Cicero's "Pro Caecina." Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985. Jane F. Gardner, Women in Roman Law and Society. 1986 ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 199l. J. F. Gardner, Being a Roman Citizen. 1993 A.H.J. Greenidge, The Legal Procedure of Cicero's Time . 1901 Tony Honoré, Ulpian. New York Oxford University Press, 1982. H. F. Jolowicz and Barry Nicholas, Historical Introduction to the Study of Roman law. 3d ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972. A.H. M.Jones, The Criminal Courts of the Roman Republic and Principate. Totowa, N. J.: Rowman & Littlefield, 1972. J. M. Kelly, Roman Litigation. Oxford: Clarendon, 1966. J. M. Kelly, Studies in the Civil Judicature of the Roman Republic. Oxford: Clarendon, 1976. Wolfgang Kunkel, An Introduction to Roman Legal and Constitutional History. 2d ed. J. M. Kelly, trans. Oxford: Clarendon, 1973. Barry Nicholas, An introduction to Roman law. 1962 ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1988. O.F. Robinson, The Criminal Law of Ancient Rome. Johns Hopkins, 1996. Alan Watson, Law Making in the later Roman Republic. Oxford: Clarendon, 1974. Alan Watson, The Law of Obligations in the Later Roman Republic. Oxford: Clarendon, 1965. Alan Watson, The Law of Persons in the Later Roman Republic. 1967, 1984. Alan Watson, The Law of Property in the later Roman Republic. Oxford: Clarendon, 1968. Alan Watson, The Law of Succession in the later Roman Republic. Oxford: Clarendon, 1971. Alan Watson, The Law of the Ancient Romans. Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1970. Alan Watson, Rome of the Twelve Tables: persons and property. Princeton: Princeton University Pros, 1976. Alan Watson, Roman Private Law around 200 BC. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1971. Alan Watson, Roman Slave Law. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1987.

ART AND TECHNOLOGY OF THE REPUBLIC AND EMPIRE

General Studies

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Ranuccio Bianchi Bandinelli, Rome, the centre of power: Roman art to AD 200. Peter Green, trans. New York: Braziller, 1970. Donald E. Strong, Roman art. 2d ed. Roger Ling, ed. New York: Penguin, 1988. Cornelius C. Vermeule III, Roman Imperial Art in Greece and Asia Minor. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1968.

Architecture and Urbanism

Jean-Pierre Adam, Roman building: materials and techniques. ed. 1989. trans. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994. Mary Taliaferro Boatwright, Hadrian and the City of Rome. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987. Axel Boethius, Etruscan and Early Roman Architecture. 2nd ed. Roger Ling and Tom Rasmussen, Revisions. New York: Pen-guin, 1978. Michael Grant, Cities of Vesuvius: Pompeii and Hercula-neum. 1971 ed. New York: Penguin, 1976. John H. Humphrey, Roman Circuses: arenas for chariot-rac-ing. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986. Wilhelmina F. Jashemski, The Gardens of Pompeii, Hercu-laneum, and the villas destroyed by Vesuvius. New Rochelle, N.Y.: Caratzas, 1979. William L. MacDonald, The Architecture of the Roman Empire. Vol. 1, rev. ed. 2 vols. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1982&emdash;86. Ernest Nash, Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Rome. 1968 rev. ed. 2 vols. New York: Hacker, 1981. Inge Nielsen, Thermae et Balnea. the architecture and cul-tural history of Roman public baths. 2 vols. Arhus, Denmark: Arhus University Press, 1990. L. Richardson, Jr., A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992. John B. Ward-Perkins, Cities of Ancient Greece and Italy: town-planning in Classical antiquity. New York: Braziller, 1974. B. Ward-Perkins, Roman Architecture. 1977 ed. New York: Electa/Rizzoli, 1988. John B. Ward-Perkins, Roman Imperial Architecture. 1981 2d ed. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1989. Firket K. Yegül, Baths and Bathing in Classical Antiquity. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1992.

Engineering and Technology

Christer Bruun, The Water Supply of Ancient Rome: a study of Roman imperial administration. Helsinki: Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 199l. (Commentationes humanarum litterarum, 93.) Raymond Chevallier, Roman Roads. Rev. ed. N. H. Fields trans. London: Batsford, 1989. John F. Healy, Mining and Metallurgy in the Greek and Roman World. London: Thames & Hudson, 1978. A. Trevor Hodge, Roman Aqueducts and Water Supply. London: Duckworth, 1992. Colin O'Connor, Roman Bridges. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. John B. Ward-Perkins, Marble in Antiquity: collected papers of ]. B. Ward-Perkins. Hazel Dodge and Bryan Ward-Perkins, eds. London: British School at Rome, 1992. (Archaeological monographs of the British School at Rome, 6.) John G. Landels, Engineering in the Ancient World. John Peter Oleson, Greek and Roman mechanical water-lifting devices. K. D. White, Greek and Roman technology. Lionel Casson, Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World.

Sculpture, Painting, Stucco, Mosaics, Ceramics, Glass, and Other Crafts

Diana E. E. Kleiner, Roman Sculpture. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992. Mario Torelli, Typology and Structure of Roman Historical Reliefs. Ann Arbor University of Michigan Press, 1982. Katherine M. D. Dunbabin, The mosaics of Roman North Africa: studies in iconography and patronage. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978. Elaine K. Gazda and Anne E. Haeckl, eds., Roman Art in the Private Sphere: new perspectives on the architecture and decor of the domus, villa, and insula. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 199l. D. M. Bailey, A Catalogue of the Lamps in the British Museum. 3 vols. London: British Museum, 1975-88. D.P.S. Peacock, Pottery in the Roman World: an ethnoar-chaeological approach. London: Longman, 1982.

Later Roman Empire

Ranuccio Bianchi Bandinelli, Rome, the late empire: Roman art, AD 200-400. Peter Green, trans. New York: Braziller, 197l. Hans Peter L'Orange, The Roman Empire: art forms and civic life. 1965 ed. Dr. and Mrs. Knut Berg, trans. New York: Rizzoli, 1985.

RELIGION IN THE REPUBLIC AND EMPIRE

Pagan

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R. Beck, "Mithraism since Franz Cumont." Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt, Series 2: Principat, 17.4 (1984) 2002-2115. G.W. Bowersock, Martyrdom and Rome. Cambridge, 1995. Georges Dumezil, Archaic Roman Religion. 2 vols. Philip Krapp, trans. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970. Duncan Fishwick, The Imperial Cult in the Latin West: studies in the ruler cult of the western provinces of the Roman empire. 2 vols. to date. Leiden: Brill, 1987-91. (Etudes preliminaires aux religions orientales dans l'empire romain, 108.) Garth Fowden, The Egyptian Hermes: a historical approach to the late pagan mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. W. Warde Fowler, The Religious Experience of the Roman People. 1911. Gaston H. Halsberghe, The Cult of Sol Invictus. Leiden: Brill, 1972. Robin Lane Fox, Pagans and Christians. J.H.W.G. Liebeschuetz, Continuity and Change in Roman Religion. New York: Oxford University Press, 1979. Samuel N. C. Lieu, Manichaeism in the later Roman empire and medieval China. a historical surrey. 2d ed. Tübingen: Mohr, 1992. Ramsay MacMullen, Paganism in the Roman Empire. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1981. Agnes Kirsopp Michels, The Calendar of the Roman Republic. 1967 ed. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1978. S.R.F. Price, Rituals and Power: the Roman imperial cult in Asia Minor. 1984 ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. Sharon Kelly Heyob, The cult of Isis among Women in the Graeco-Roman World. 1975 Walter Burkert, Ancient Mystery Cults. 1987

Judaism and Christianity

Stephen Benko, Pagan Rome and the early Christians. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1984. Garth Fowden, Empire to Commonwealth. Consequences of Monotheism in Late Antiquity. Princeton, 1993 W.H.C. Frend, The Donatist Church: a movement of protest in Roman North Africa. 1952 ed. New York. Oxford University Press, 1985. W.H.C. Frend, Martyrdom and persecution in the early church: a study of a conflict from the Maccabees to Donatus. 1965 ed. Grand Rapids: Baker Book House, 1981. H. H. Scullard, Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic. 1981 ed. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1987 Robin Lane Fox, Pagans and Christians. 1986 ed. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1988. Robert Turcan. Les cultes orientaux dans le monde romain.. Paris: Belles Lettres, 1989. Judith Lieu, John A. North, and Tessa Rajak, eds., The Jews among Pagans and Christians in the Roman Empire. London: Routledge, 1992. H. S. Versnel, Triumphus: an inquiry into the origin, devel-opment and meaning of the Roman triumph. Leiden: Brill, 1970. Alan Wardman, Religion and Statecraft among the Romans. London: Granada, 1982. Stefan Weinstock, Divus Julius. Oxford: Clarendon, I971. Ramsay MacMullen, Christianizing the Roman empire (A.D. 100-400). 1984 ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1986. Wayne A. Meeks, The First Urban Christians: the Social World of the Apostle Paul. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983. Robert L. Wilken, The Christians as the Romans saw them. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984.

ANCIENT SOURCES

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Inscriptions and Papyri, General and Translations

Arthur E. Gordon, Illustrated Introduction to Latin Epigraphy. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983. Lawrence Keppie, Understanding Roman Inscriptions. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991. Naphtali Lewis and Meyer Reinhold, eds., Roman Civilization: selected readings. 3d ed. 2 vols. New York: Columbia University Press, 1990. Martin David and B. A. van Groningen, eds., The New Papyrological Primer

Coins

British Museum, Department of Coins and Metals. Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum. Rev. ed. 6 vols. in 8. H. Mattingly (v. 1-2), R.A.G. Carson (v. 5-6), and P. V. Hill (v. 5). London: British Museum Publications for the Trustees of the British Museum, Andrew Burnett, Michel Amandry, and Paul Ripolles, Roman Provincial Coinage. Vol. 1: From the death of Caesar to the death of Vitellius (44 BC - AD 69). I vol. to date. London: British Museum Publications with Bibliothèque National Paris, 1991 R.A.G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans. 3 vols. London: British Museum Publications, 1978-81. Michael H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage. 1974 ed. 2 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987. Clive Foss, Roman Historical Coins. 1987 ed. London: Seaby; distributed by Batsford, 1990. Sutherland and R.A.G. Carson, eds., The Roman Imperial Coinage. Rev. eds. 9 vols. London: Spink, 1984.

Historians and Historiography

E. Badian. "The early historians." In Latin Historians. T. A. Dorey, ed., pp. 1-38. New York: Basic Books, 1966. Timothy David Barnes, Tertullian: a historical and literary study. 1971 ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. Timothy David Barnes, The Sources of the "Historia Augusta." Brussels: Latomus, 1978. H. W. Bird, Sextus Aurelius Victor: a historiographical study. Liverpool: Cairns, 1984 W. den Boer, Some Minor Roman historians. Leiden: Brill, 1972. Averil Cameron, ed., History as Text: the writing of Ancient History. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1990. Averil Cameron, Procopius and the Sixth Century. Routledge, 1996. Edward Champlin, Fronto and Antonine Rome. Cam-bridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1980. Brian Croke and Alanna M. Emmett, eds., History and Historians in Late Antiquity. Sydney: Pergamon, 1983. Donald Earl, The Political Thought of Sallust. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1961. Louis H. Feldman, Josephus and modern scholarship (1937-1980). Berlin: de Gruyter, 1984. Tony Honoré, "Scriptor Historiae Augustae." Journal of Roman Studies 77 (1987) 156-76. C. P. Jones, Plutarch and Rome. Corr. 1971 ed. Oxford: Clarendon, 1972. C P. Jones, The Roman World of Dio Chrysostom. Cam-bridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1978. Ronald Martin, Tacitus. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981. John Matthews, The Roman Empire of Ammianus. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989. Ronald Mellor, Tacitus. Routledge, 1995 Fergus Millar, A Study of Cassius Dio. Oxford: Clarendon, 1964. Steven Muhlberger, The Fifth-Century Chroniclers: Prosper, Hypatius, and the Gallic chronicler of 452. Leeds: Cairns, 1990. (ARCA, Classical and medieval texts, Papers and monographs, 27.) Tessa Rajak, Josephus: the historian and his society. 1983 ed. Philadelphia: Fortress, 1984. Kenneth S. Sacks, Diodorus Siculus and the First Century. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. A. N. Sherwin-White, The Letters of Pliny: a historical and -social commentary. 1966 ed. New York: Oxford University, 1985. Ronald Syme, Sallust. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1964. Ronald Syme, Ammianus and the Historia Augusta. Oxford: Clarendon. 1968 Ronald Syme, History in Ovid. New York Oxford Uni-versity Press, 1979. Ronald Syme, Tacitus. 1958 ed. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1979. Ronald Syme, "Historia Augusta" Papers. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983. P. G. Walsh, Livy: his historical aims and methods. 1961 ad. Bristol: Bristol Classical, 1989. T. P. Wiseman. "Practice and theory in Roman historiography." In Roman Studies: literary and historical, pp. 244-62. Liverpool: Cairns, 1987. A. J. Woodman, Rhetoric in Classical Historiography: four studies. Portland, Ore.: Areopagitica,1988. F. W. Walbank, Polybius. Andrew Wallace-Hadrill, Suetonius: the scholar and his Caesars. 1983 ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1984.

GEOGRAPHY AND CHRONOLOGY

Max Cary. The Geographic Background of Greek and Roman History. O.A.W. Dilke, Greek and Roman Maps. N.G.L. Hammond, ed. Atlas of the Greek and Roman World in Antiquity. Richard Stillwell, William L. MacDonald, and Marian Holland McAllister, eds. The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites E. J. Bickermann, Chronology of the Ancient World Alan E. Samuel, Greek and Roman chronology.

See Also:

ROMARCH: Bibliographies and Discussions, Bibliographies, Discussions, Conferences and Projects.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: LAW

Roman Bibliography Compiled by Lynn Nelson . From the ORB Project: On-Line Text Materials for Medieval Studies from Rhodes College.

 

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